Haar Nervenheilanstalt

During the Nazi dictatorship, at least 2,025 people with mental or physical disabilities were deported to the killing facilities Grafeneck and Hartheim near Linz and murdered there. Some sources report over 2,400 people who were deported from or via Eglfing-Haar to these killing centers. Following Aktion T4, further killing operations took place, including the "Aktion Brandt", aimed at creating hospital capacity. In so-called "Hungerhouses", patients, adults and children were starved to death, legalised by the so-called "Hungerkost-Erlass" of November 1942. Between the end of 1942 and mid-1945, approximately 444 patients died as a result of malnutrition. In addition, 332 children were killed by an overdose of the sleeping drug Luminal. At the same time, Anton von Braunmühl treated many patients in the clinic with the then new shock therapies. The medical director of the Nervenheilanstalt Eglfing-Haar, Hermann Pfannmüller, acted as an expert for these extermination operations. In the Prosektur of the Munich KWI for Psychiatry in Eglfing-Haar, under the leadership of Hans Schleussing, organs of children who had died painfully in the vaccination experiments in Irsee were examined. In Haar, decisions about killings were not only made, but killings were also carried out directly. Three nursing staff were sentenced to two years and six months in prison for the murders committed at the Eglfing-Haar facility, and the head of the institution, Pfannmüller, received a six-year prison sentence in 1949, with internment and investigative detention already counted towards the sentence. Today, plaques on the grounds of the Isar-Amper-Klinikum München-Ost, a psychiatric and neurological hospital in Haar (near Munich), and an exhibition about Nazi crimes on site.